[ relationship between occupational stress and related injuries among physician's assistants: a case-control study]

Job stress can have a direct impact on the incidence of work-related injuries and unsafe behavior and the highest rates of occupational injuries are in the health professions. Therefore, as we did not find any studies regarding the physician's assistants job stress; this research was performed to determine the relationship between job stress and occupational injuries among physician's assistants working at different units of hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. This analytical study [case - control] was performed among physician's assistants working at 5 hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. 50 cases [with occupational injuries] were compared with 50 controls [without occupational injuries] about job stress. Job stress was measured by Osipow questionnaire with 6 domains; validity [content] and reliability, were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha = 0.89. The Mann-Whitney test for comparison of means and chi-square test for comparison of proportions were used. The mean stress scores did not show significant difference between the two groups in all domains except in role ambiguity and role boundary. After grouping stress scores, we observed significant differences in all domains, except in the responsibility [p = 0.11]. The stress score due to responsibility was very high for case [84.6%] and control [71.4%] groups. Maximum odds ratio was estimated in the role ambiguity field [OR = 8.36]. Because of some unavoidable stressors in medical practice and the necessity of preventing mental and behavioral effects of stress; implementing measures and actions to improve the quality of working life, education and coping strategies, are the duties of the departments, and the director of the hospital, in order to maintain the health of the current staff and to prevent their displacement.

[Evaluation of parameter related to preventative measures on the child injuries at home]

The harms resulted from home injuries are a major factor in child mortality. The current study aims to evaluate the factors associated with the knowledge and performance level of mothers in terms of adopting preventive behaviors to avoid home injuries. The target population of this descriptive - analytical study is all mothers of preschool children suffering from home injuries referring to Imam Hossein and Haft-E-Tir hospitals. Mothers' data were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire. After dividing the knowledge level and the status of mothers' preventive behaviors into two groups, the relationship between factors was assessed by using Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression and the status of mothers preventive behaviors were studied as well. Finally, 230 mothers [mean age 5.2 +/- 29.4] were studied. 75.0 of them had good awareness, and 56.0% also had a good performance. Mother's absence for at least 8 hours per day [0.12 = OR], increase of the number of preschool children [0.03 = OR] and employed mother [0.01 = OR] are the things that hinder preventive behaviors in home injuries.While the history of home injuries during the past 3 weeks [13.3 = OR], mother's appropriate awareness of preventive behaviors [28.9 = OR] and high-income families [2.4 = OR] lead to the adoption of preventive behaviors by mothers. Awareness is the only modifiable factor and it can be improved by educational interventions. Support of assistance and social welfare agencies for employed mothers can improve the current status of preventive behaviors in home injuries.

[Survey the knowledge, attitude and practice [KAP] and educational needs assessment of road traffic injuries among traffic police officers]

Road traffic injuries are a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Determining knowledge, attitude and practice among traffic police about road traffic injuries, can improve the desired outcomes. Determination of KAP and educational needs assessment regarding road traffic injuries among traffic police officers. A descriptive study was conducted among 185 traffic police who was randomly selected from all traffic police officers list in 2008. Data was collected by using structural questionnaire [questionnaire was validated by content validity and reliability was determined by test re test r=0.8], after a formal consent by trained experts. Educational need assessment was determined by one open question. Scores was categorized due to statistical quartiles of the subject. Mean +/- SD of age, was 33.4 +/- 6.8 years. There was a significant deference about good knowledge between bachelor officers and other levels of education [p<0.01]. There was lowest rate about knowledge [0.6%] attitude [0.6%] and Practice [0.7%] in Ms Level in comparison with other levels. The rate of good knowledge 63% and good practice 76% was significantly difference among middle level officers [p<0.001]. There was significantly difference about good attitude between operational occupations with other occupations [p<0.005]. High priority allocated to improvement of scientific information about educational need assessment at the level of world. The findings showed; the traffic polices need to planning for improvement traffic injuries education especially in senior officers, MS and upper degree of officers. Suitable educational planning and its continuity is a key issue to reduction of traffic injuries reduction

[Satisfaction with service delivery in clients referring to urban health centers affiliated to Arak university of medical sciences]

Health care services in a community have a direct relation with the community health and development. People have different needs in the different ages, and meeting the needs is possible in the health care centers framework. The aim of this descriptive study was to assess satisfaction with service delivery in clients referring to urban health centers affiliated to Arak University of Medical Sciences. In this study 285 clients were selected using convenient sampling method. Data gathering tool consisted of 51 questions composed of demographic data [11 items], questions related to clients satisfaction with service delivery on maternity and child care [11 items], family planning services [9 items], vaccination [9 items], as well as health education [11 items]. Content validity was used to validate the tool and test-retest was calculated to determine reliability. The results showed a high level of satisfaction for mother and child services [37.69 +/- 4.18], moderate level of satisfaction for family planning [28.14 +/- 4.50], a high level of satisfaction with vaccination [31.44 +/- 2.88]. The results also revealed that most of clients [78.8%] were satisfied of health education. Also 86.1% and 83.3% were satisfied of maternity and child care and vaccination staff behaviors respectively. As a whole, findings indicated a general satisfaction with service delivery and staff behavior. Their average satisfaction was 63.2%. Further studies concerning the quality of services delivered by the health centers are necessary

[Clients' Satisfaction with services at urban health centers in Arak]

Background: Health systems constantly try to improve their services to better satisfy clients' needs. One of the ways for evaluating service delivery is to ask from receipients. Satisfying clients' health needs by providing services at health centers is essential and evaluting their satsfaction with these services can improve quality care and develop future planning

Purpose: This descristive study was conducted to determine clients' satisfaction with services in urban health centers in terms of practitioners' performance, pharmacy, dentistry, and personnel behavior as well as communication

Method: In this study, 285 clients were chosen by nonprobablility sampling method. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire with 38 questions, including 11 demographic and 27 medical services satisfaction questions. It was validated by content validity and its reliabity was achieved by test-retest method

Findings: Most of the clients [%80.6] had high satisfaction with practitioners [mean = 26.72 +/- 2.54], and %75 with pharmacy and dental services [mean = 17.83 +/- 2.52]. On the other hand, %63.9 had an averge satisfaction with injection and dressing services [mean = 24.69 +/- 4.42]. The majority of clients [%77.8] were satisfeed with the behavior of personnel [from doorman to doctors], %80.6 with pharmacy, %6 1.1 with injection and dressing unit, and %75 with dintistry services. Therefore, satisfaction with clincal staff was more than other personnel

Conclusion: Results showed that the majority of subjects [%63.2] had high level of satisfaction with medical services and %36.8 had an average level of satisfaction. The results can show that provision of the services has a good quality from the clients' point of view. As a matter of fact, more comprehensive studies in this regard are recommended